It is haraam to sell an item without pointing out its faults, even if he is selling it to a kaafir

 

If i want to sell my car to a non muslim person and iknow that there is some thing wrong with it. do i have to tell the person who want to buy it?.

Praise be to Allaah.

The one who sells an item
in which there is a fault must point out its faults, whether he is selling
it to a Muslim or a kaafir, otherwise he will be deceiving and sinning. 

Al-Bukhaari (2079) and
Muslim (1532) narrated that Hakeem ibn Hizaam (may Allaah be pleased with
him) said: The Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be
upon him) said: “The two parties to a transaction have the option (of
cancelling it) until they part. If they are honest and disclose any defects,
their transaction will be blessed, but if they lie and conceal defects the
blessing will be erased.” 

Al-Haafiz ibn Hajar (may
Allaah have mercy on him) said: “If they are honest” means, on the part of
the seller with regard to the price and on the part of the buyer by paying
off. “and disclose any defects” means, disclose any faults in the price and
in the goods for which it is paid, so it applies on both sides; the same
applies to any shortcomings. The hadeeth shows that they will attain the
blessing if they meet the conditions, which are honesty and disclosure of
any defects, and the blessing will be erased if the opposite is the case,
namely lying and concealment of defects. Will the blessing be given to one
of them if he fulfils the conditions but the other does not? The apparent
meaning of the hadeeth suggests it will. End quote from Fath al-Baari. 

Ibn Qudaamah (may Allaah
have mercy on him) said in al-Mughni (4/108): If a person knows that
there is a defect in his goods, it is not permissible for him to sell them
unless he discloses it to the purchaser. If he does not disclose it then he
is sinning.  This was stated by Ahmad, because of the report of Hakeem ibn
Hizaam that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him)
said: “The two parties to a transaction have the option (of cancelling it)
until they part. If they are honest and disclose any defects, their
transaction will be blessed, but if they lie and conceal defects the
blessing will be erased.” Agreed upon. And he (peace and blessings of
Allaah be upon him) said: “The Muslim is the brother of another Muslim, and
it is not permissible for a Muslim to sell his brother goods in which there
is a defect, without pointing that out to him.” End quote. 

He also said (4/113): The
meaning of concealing faults is concealing them from the purchaser
knowingly, or hiding them from him in such a way that the purchaser thinks
there are no defects; both are deception which is haraam  

The hadeeth “The Muslim is
the brother of his fellow Muslim…” was narrated by Ibn Majaah (2246) and
classed as saheeh by al-Albaani in Saheeh Ibn Majaah. The prohibition
on deceit does not apply only to dealing with Muslims, rather it is haraam
to deceive both Muslims and kaafirs, but the word Muslim is used here
because in most cases one Muslim deals with another. 

Al-Subki (may Allaah have
mercy on him) said in Takmilat al-Majmoo’ (11/306): The general
prohibition on deceit referred to by the author (may Allaah have mercy on
him) [al-Raafa’i], his companions and al-Shaafa’i and the obligation of
pointing out any defects includes cases where the purchaser is a Muslim or a
kaafir. The words of the hadeeth quoted and used as evidence by the author
(may Allaah have mercy on him) refers to a Muslim dealing with a Muslim.
This was narrated concerning a Muslim proposing to a woman to whom his
brother has already proposed, or outbidding him. The majority of scholars
(may Allaah have mercy on him) are of the view that there is no difference
in this case between a Muslim and a kaafir. As for limiting the meaning of
these ahaadeeth, they only mention Muslims because it is usually the case
that one Muslim deals with another, or it may be that the aim is show how
abhorrent it is to do such a thing to someone who is Muslim like you. The
fact that it is general in meaning is also proven by other evidence. And
Allaah knows best. End quote. 

He also said: 

The ahaadeeth which forbid
deceit and enjoin honesty are very many, and the ruling is known from
sharee’ah. Concealing faults is deceit. End quote from al-Majmoo’
(11/303). 

So you have to disclose the
faults that you are aware of in your car, whether you are selling it to a
Muslim or a kaafir. 

And Allaah knows best.

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